What is the difference between stem cells and mesenchymal stromal cells?

Stem cells are cells found mostly in embryonic and foetal tissue and are able to multiply and differentiate into various types of adult cells with different physical, biological and functional characteristics depending on the tissue that they will produce (bone, muscle, tendon, nerve tissue, etc.).

These cells can evolve into any type of cell present in adult tissue. Mesenchymal stromal cells are found in adult tissue. They are found in bone marrow, adipose tissue, peripheral blood, the umbilical cord and the placenta.

The mesenchymal stromal cells, mostly taken from the bone marrow and concentrated by centrifugation, are used in orthopaedic surgery as they are easily obtainable, easy to apply and capable of regenerating bone, tendon, and muscle (if properly stimulated).